James Mattis - US Military Academy Commencement Address free essay sample

20 Things to Do in Your 20s to Build a Successful Career

20 Things to Do in Your 20s to Build a Successful Career Feeling the twenty-something blues? Before you hit quarter-life crisis mode, try crossing a few of these off your pre-30 bucket list. Here are 20 things to do in your 20s in order to make your future better while you’re still young enough to get a head start.1. GraduateNo matter what your education goals are- whether an associates degree, a bachelors degree, a masters, or a PhD- complete them. Put the formal education stage behind you and let it bolster you as you move forward in your life.2. Get a jobIt’s much more difficult to find steady work that you like enough to keep doing after a certain point. Get in the workforce while you’re still fresh talent.3. Quit your vicesSmoking, drinking, partying, drugs: these all seem like fun now, but their time is at an end. This is the age to stop and focus on reality.4. Save moneySaving now can pay off hugely in the long run. Only spend what you need to spend, and save the rest. Your future (home-owning and retired) self will thank you.5. Buy a houseSounds crazy, but can also set you up for a healthier financial life in the future.6. Stop being boy/girl crazyPut your focus into building your life and career. The love part will sort itself out without your devoting every spare possible moment to the pursuit of booty.7.  Try out your dreamBefore you have a ton of family obligations, now’s the time to pursue a job, or a hobby, or a new city you’ve always wanted to explore. You’re young, you have your whole life to settle down and be responsible. Follow your heart!8. TravelVisit at least one foreign country before the big Three Oh. See a new culture, a new world, a new way of life and let it make you a better, more interesting and widely experienced person.9. Change jobsNow is the stage in your career when you can hop from job to job and figure out what you really want to do and be, and which industry is best for you. This will get much harder to do later in life.10. Call your par entsDo it every other day at least. They won’t be around forever, and they took care of you your entire life. It’s their turn to be cared for.11. Keep your friends closeRelish the people in your life who value you. And be good to them. Love who loves you.12. Make meaningful friendshipsThe friends you have and make now are probably going to be your closest circle in your old age. Put the work in now while you have the time and energy.13. NetworkYou’re going to need to rely on your network all the time as you get older- both personally and professionally. Get building!14. Stay healthySleep, healthy eating, exercise, hygiene- these all may seem trivial now, but they are the mark of taking good care of yourself. Aka adulthood. Be kind to your body now and it will be kind to you when things start to fall apart with age.15. Aim highIf you aim for the stars and fall a little short, you’ll still land on the moon. Start small, but dream big.16.  Push the envelop eNow is the best time to innovate, to think outside the box, disturb the status quo, change minds and hearts!17. Be respectfulStart shoring up the good karma you’ll need later in life. Be kind, humble, and generous. Do as little harm as possible.18. Know your limitsAccept your weaknesses and what you cannot accomplish. However small your role, play it with dignity and aplomb.19. Read and writeThese things keep the mind sharp and the intellect afloat. Read every day and write as often as possible. Stimulate your brain and keep your creative juices flowing.20. Follow your blissFigure out what the purpose of your life will be, and then devote yourself to moving in that direction. Your mission: should you choose to accept it.

Response to Intervention (RTI) model Assignment

Response to Intervention (RTI) model - Assignment Example This diversity in terms of culture, language, has infiltrated in to the mainstream education system in the city. Most of the mainstream schools also have students with special needs who need special care to ensure they benefit from the education system just like other students. As an English teacher in the city, with a diverse group of students, I have to develop strategies aimed at ensuring inclusiveness in my teaching approach, more especially because a majority of the students in the school speak Chinese and English will only be a second language to them. I have to create a good learning environment for non- English speakers as well as those students with special needs to feel comfortable throughout the learning process and benefit from the education albeit their differences. Education should be a uniting factor in such diverse mainstream schools where people from different backgrounds come together to share ideas, knowledge and learning experiences. In order to ensure inclusivene ss in my role as the English teacher, I would employ the use of Response to intervention (RTI) model. The Response to Intervention (RTI) model is very important in the provision of inclusive education to a diverse group of students. ... rning disabilities or even any other disabilities that may hinder the students from fully concentrating on their education and getting the best outcomes possible. The Retention to Intervention (RTI) model can therefore be defined as a general framework of education that involves research based interventions and instructions and regular structures of monitoring the progress of students in the learning process as well as the subsequent application of these data and information over time in order to make useful educational decisions (Klingner, 2006). One of the main advantages of the RTI model is the use of scientifically based interventions whose effectiveness has already been determined through scientific experiments in various randomly controlled trials. One of the main goals and objectives of the RTI model is to apply the concepts of accountability to educational programs by allowing teachers to focus only on those programs that have been scientifically proved to work rather than re lying on programs that seem to be simple and easier to use. The RTI model is a multi-tier strategic approach that promotes early identification of children with learning and behavioral needs in a diverse learning environment. The model employs various techniques and approaches to ensure the students’ needs are addressed and fully met so as to ensure positive learning outcomes for all students (Gresham, et al. 2004). The model can be used for by both regular and special needs education teachers who have a group of highly diversified students with different leaning and behavioral needs. The process starts with a general universal screening of all the students in a class room and the use of high quality instructions. After the screening process, the learners identified to be struggling are

Abnormal psychology-analyzing psychiatric cases Assignment

Abnormal psychology-analyzing psychiatric cases - Assignment Example Axis IV: problems with primary support group (case study does not mention that she has any friends or family), occupational problems (job loss, discord with boss). She will also be facing problems with the legal system because she will be in trouble fro grand theft because of the $250,000. The exact cause is not known. Some factors can generate depression and it can be associated with general medical conditions like diabetes, carcinomas, stroke or other problems. Some think heredity plays a part. Some research shows a change in the neurotransmitters of the brain and major life stresses. A. Major Psychiatric Symptoms: intense fear, experienced trauma at mothers hand, decrease in emotional responsiveness (school, other activities decreased), experiences where she felt "unreal", avoids mother, insomnia, suicidal ideation, taking too much responsibility for the fight with her mother (two years ago). No medical challenges have been reported for Major Depressive Episode. The DSM-Iv shows abnormalities that came from the laboratory (p. 324) which include sleep EEG abnormalities. General medical conditions can happen because of the trauma but nothing else is known about Acute Stress Disorder except in the way it works with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. The individual has so many physical complaints that it is difficult to figure them out. According to the DSM-IV physical examination has not developed objective findings for the physical ailments (p.

The Power of One - Representation of the different groups Essay Example for Free

The Power of One Representation of the different groups Essay The Power of One is a cinematic masterpiece which was based on the inspiring novel by Bryce Courtenay. Set in a world torn apart from racism; where man subjugates his fellow country man and liberty remains evasive. The director, John G. Avildsen has utilized a range of filmic techniques to depict to malevolence of racial prejudice. The protagonist of this film, PK is an English boy who is raised in a society plagued with racism. In the beginning of this film, PK’s is narrating some events of his life; John.   G starts the screenplay with PK saying, â€Å"I was born with the songs of Zulu rainmakers in my ears†. The first scene of the movie instantly lures the audience’s attention with PK’s adorable voice, blended with an indigenous African tune in the background. Furthermore; the introduction of PK’s dark skinned friend, who is sitting beside him and playing the ivory (white) and Ebony (black) keys on the piano is a strong dissimilarity witnessed by the audience. Despite no racial scenes are presented in the beginning, it definitely sets the rest of the movie in pace with presenting one of the core themes of this novel, ‘the power of one’. Soon after his mother becomes disheartened after an emotional collapse, PK is sent to a hell like Dutch boarding school. This is where John. G begins to develop the setting of racism. PK’s voice is screen played to gain the sympathy from the audience, as he is portrayed as naive and excluded by the other students. As soon as PK arrives at the boarding school, he is enclosed by people who are racist and violent. This is exposed when the Dutch priest promotes hate against the British who dominated them during the invasion; he says, â€Å"the English drove us into this wilderness but we returned stronger than before, by spilling their blood across the land because this land is ours given to us entirely by almighty God. It is our responsibility to rise up, push out the English and put down the black. † This definitely gives the audience the impression that the Dutch were violent, prejudiced, selfish and dangerous considering PK is the only English student. This depiction of the Dutch immediately achieves the audience’s hate. In addition the cruelty of the Dutch is exaggerated when Jobbie Botha, a senior student is shown to have a tattoo of the swastika on his arm which informs the views that he was supportive of Hitler’s actions. This technique was used by John to develop the psychopath characteristics of the main antagonist. PK is continuously portrayed as naive and defenseless when he is tortured in pitiful ways by Jobbie Botha. Some of these torture techniques exemplified by Botha include urinating and spiting on PK. Other torments include killing PK’s chicken and hanging PK upside down and pelting him with stones using a sling shot. PK is also informed about his mother’s death in a ruthless way. All these factors contribute to viewers feeling extremely sad and disappointed whilst increasing the compassion for PK. On the other hand, the viewers are made to dislike the Dutch even more. As PK evolves from a young boy to a young man, he is portrayed to have good characteristics. The fine structure of this film increases the compassion that audiences have towards PK as this development occurs. PK also meets two people in his life, Geel Piet (dark skinned) and Doc (White skinned). These two men have positive influences on PK as they help him develop physically and mentally. This is depicted when Geel Piet tells PK, â€Å"Little can beat big when little is smart. First with the head and then with the heart†. Doc tells PK that, â€Å"Any question you ever have, the answer you will find in Nature if you know where to look, and how to ask and then you will have for yourself all the brains that have ever been†. Another important message PK receives from Doc is that, â€Å"a rainfall starts with a single drop†. Hence, this message relates back to the title and which is one of the core messages. Even though the director has portrayed the Dutch as the antagonist through the film, he is also successful in informing the audience that not all the Dutch were coldblooded extremist. The victims, the African natives are shown to be treated mercilessly by the Dutch. The natives are forced live in their township; and are required to have a special permit which allows them to live there. The Africans are shown to be working in scorching conditions in a polluted environment with supervision by Africana officials. The natives called, â€Å"Kaffir† and humiliated in many ways. One incident is when Geel Piet is made to eat manure off a jailer’s shoe. Immediately, the viewer is made to feel sad and have sympathy for Geel piet swell as hate the Dutch for their attitude towards the natives. Consequently, some of the natives are shown to be positive and enthusiastic people who want to make a difference for the future generations, a depiction of this is when the natives attend PKs English classes every night. In this scene, the director once again brings satisfaction and respect for the white as PK is shown to the teacher. This gives the audience the impression that, the natives had a lot of respect for the English as well as their culture. An example of this is shown when the three different groups attend Maria’s funeral. However, it doesn’t end in a positive note as Maria’s father retaliates by confronting PK with a shovel, failing to release that his hatred and intolerance had his daughter killed. To conclude, the director uses a special selection of filmic techniques to present its central discourse. The director is also successful is displaying multiple messages. Furthermore, the film captures the audience through the personality of characters and their emotions; which definitely involves the viewer’s ethics and feelings.

Impact of the Global Financial Crisis on Businesses

Impact of the Global Financial Crisis on Businesses How and why the financial crisis was transmitted to business? To what extent can the new regulatory framework prevent the same errors from occurring twice? Financial crisis, the word most mentioned during the last seven years, people may asking about why it take so long time to recover and how many businesses were been affected. There is no exactly number about how many business went to bankrupt, but at least we know that in comparison with seven years ago, the business methods have been changed in order to be more prepared and to survive in the financial crisis. The new financial laws come out in different countries in order to improve their economic growth, because nobody wants to live again the difficult moment as seven years ago. Remembering how the financial crisis started, and how it affected our live style, beside of to know how to prevent it we have also started to learn about the mistakes that we have made in order to not repeat it again in the future. Backing in this case, because we are the main actor who create the financial crisis, and nowadays we are taking the bad consequences about it. Focusing on the business, in the context of economic globalization that we are living nowadays, the impact of the spread of the financial crisis has apparent in different business affecting directly to their business activities as well as investing activities and financing activities. Faced with the financial crisis, companies in the business activities have to reduce inventory, lower their labor costs, strengthen management of accounts receivable, in the investment activities, they have to reduce investment spending to improve capital efficiency, to seize the investment opportunities in order to improve equity investments, and in financing activities, they have to increase the proportion of loans and take advantage of payable accounts. As the Wall Street investment bank giant Lehman Brothers bankruptcy, the US subprime mortgage crisis in evolved â€Å"rare way† in the global financial crisis, the world economy has had a major impact. In the context of economic globalization, the companies of different countries have not been spared, the impact of the financial crisis to those companies has become more evident. I will explain in bellow how the financial crisis has affected in different activities in the companies. In this case we can focus on the following factors in order to have a clear analysis. The impact on operating income. There were many uncertainties and potential risks of financial crisis, so that people fear the rise in the degree of risk of future employment status and income expectation. When there is poor earnings expectations, people will reduce unnecessary consumption. The consequences will be that people stop consuming because their future prospects of the financial crisis environment was pessimist, and at same time which caused directly the revenue decline in different business. All those factor contributed the economic decline worldwide. The impact on inventory. From a global market perspective, under the influence of subordinated debt, the developed regions hardest hit, the demand of goods in the business is declining. First half of 2008, affected by global inflation, corporate purchase of raw material prices, freight increase (global petrol prices), leading to increased cost of raw materials companies, resulting in the production of goods and manufacturing costs increase accordingly. If not compensated for the price, corporate profits will be compressed. Enterprises are in a transition process of inflation and financial crisis, the orders from the raw materials were often low because the increase of the price which cause directly the production and the pricing. The value will shrink a lot. The more business preparation, may afford to lose more. If the turnover rate of raw materials business is slow, and the expensive products are difficult to compete with low-cost products, it will make companies get in trouble. In addition, different inventory valuation methods will result in product backlog. For example, according to the FIFO method, the business inventories have to be included in the purchase of raw materials, the product cost, cost to be digested by the high price, and during the financial crisis, people do not want to spend a higher price to the consumption, resulting in product sales is not formed out of the backlog. Impact on accounts receivable. Affected by the financial crisis, overseas corporate default rates began to rise, further deterioration of the business of external credit. According to statistics, in May 2008, the local enterprises overseas bad debt rate have grew by about 268 %. Recovery of the purchase price is the full life line, set up a business in the future, according to the sources of funding, which are basically by loan recovery, expand the market, but there is no corresponding mechanism for the recovery of money, and ultimately to bring liquidity shortage, companies eventually will operate difficultly in this process. Increased bad debts or bad debts, taking up excessive liquidity in the enterprises, SMEs, if financing difficulties will inevitably result in cash flow difficulties of enterprises, companies lose the capital, just as humans lose the blood, many enterprises may walk on the edge of life and death, the company today hey, tomorrow may collapse. The impact on operating expenses. Weaken existing market demand, so companies have to rethink new markets, including international markets and domestic markets. In order to expanding domestic demand, so that export-oriented enterprises to offensive domestic market. In order to place in this market, it is necessary to find a way to open it. And the main action is increase the domestic market share, considering that the best way to open the domestic market is to increase ad spending. Since the original domestic market enterprises in the market accounted for a leading position, export-oriented enterprises will offensive fierce competition with domestic enterprises. Intense competition in the market forcing companies to increase the cost of sales and profit margin compression. Of course, open up new international markets also have to pay more of the cost of sales. Impact on labor cost. Because the financial crisis, it is became more expensive to fire the employers, which makes companies stop hire new employers in order to reduce their labor cost. This action has affected directly to the labor market, because there are still a lot of people looking for a job, as the result, people start looking the better job opportunities in other countries and caused as we know the â€Å"brain drain†. Effect of equity investments. Influenced by investor expectations of the future, surrounding the stock market crash, 2008 in the secondary market for some stock investment companies is a disaster of the year. Not to mention the investment income, many have now lost even the principal. For some enterprises, investment entities, due to the poor performance by investment companies, investment companies are allocated to dividends invested enterprises naturally reduced, or even no bonus. Therefore, some companies are considering the sale of subsidiaries, equity investments decrease. But for some small and medium-sized enterprises affected by the financial crisis, the danger lies opportunity. Now new opportunities for enterprise restructuring and supply chain strategic acquisitions. For example, the Big Three US automakers Chrysler go bankrupt if it originally to Chrysler as the leading supply chain will be interrupted immediately, those who do contract work for Chrysler, spare parts supply, logistics transit, channel, terminal services, and the same for those providers secondary product supply, services and raw materials Distance sub-suppliers, distributors who will completely lose the basis of survival. In order to prevent all the impact that we have mentioned before, the following recommendations could be useful for companies which is operating during financial crisis. They may not going to be the perfect solutions, however, they will give us a clear idea about how to face and how to act in the difficult moment. Reduce the inventory. Product demand weakened, difficult to sell their products at once, in which case only a variety of promotional methods to reduce inventory to net realizable funds as quickly as possible. If there were some unmarketable products, we should act decisively, even if production is discontinued or partial pressure, do not let inventories continue to increase. Because the formation of product inventory, not only harder to sell slow-moving products, more important is the product price, likely to cause new losses. Primary Material inventory too, they do not affect the normal production, it should try to do short-term purchase, so raw material inventory to a minimum line to maximize the amount of funds used to shorten the inventory turnover. Product sales to adhere to the cash is king concept, the implementation of cash transactions, or a shorter period to promote the sale of credit receivables. Reduce the labor costs. During the Financial crisis, the companies had a hard time, enterprises are facing the risk of suspension or discontinued, dismissed or forced to dismiss employees. For businesses, they do not want this to occur, not to mention according to the Labor Contract Law in different countries, the enterprises laid off or dismissed employee cost is not small. Therefore, the enterprise benefit drops or downtime, it can adopt flexible working hours, to arrange staff rotation or waiting list. Choose Payment of wages to workers of all or part of their wages or even just send living expenses, both to reduce labor costs, but also to guarantee the basic livelihood of employees, so that employees feel the caring companies and work harder, but also reflects the companys social responsibility. The financial crisis has brought to the enterprise not only dangerous, but also to business opportunities. For some of the less affected by the financial crisis and better management of the enterprise, then the introduction of senior professionals is a great opportunity, because when people lowest cost. There are always hands-on experience of senior personnel shortage, this time just to dig people abroad. In a sense, at a low price to buy the high-level talent, but also a reduction in labor costs of business performance. Use of personnel for the future development of enterprises to provide a guarantee. Strengthen the management of accounts receivable. Faced with the financial crisis, companies should be based on the idea of cash is king,† according to the market situation and make the appropriate changes, to minimize the amount of accounts receivable and credit terms. The larger the amount of accounts receivable, indicating funds purchase units occupy the unit more; the longer the period of credit receivables, indicating that the longer purchase units occupy the unit of time. Therefore, to strengthen the management of accounts receivable. Existing accounts receivable has been formed, it can promote cash discount to attract each other early payments, such as payments within 30 days, give 2-3% cash discount or a higher cash discount, and more than 30 days is not to discount. For possible bad debts or bad debts, should act as soon as possible, such as debt restructuring mode, can recover how much to recover the maximum extent possible to reduce the losses. For the existing products sold Sale, delivery or the month should do the knot and other payment methods. Cannot pay the purchase price or the ability to pay poor business, under exceptional circumstances rather not accept the order. If the goods issue of money being paid, because the product is easy to form a substantial price dispute, but also easy because of the other closed, bankruptcy and other reasons cannot find the debtor and become headless account, to the enterprise caused undue loss. How to speed up a reflux of funds? First, from starting their own businesses, while reducing inventory and strengthen the management of accounts receivable. In addition to increasing the recovery of accounts receivable, the use of the hands of the receivables in the bank financing is also an effective way to revit alize the capital. Financial approach in investing activities. Faced to the financial crisis, different companies have different investment strategies. For deeply affected by the crisis, and low interest, cash-strapped companies to cut costs, reduce investment spending; for some medium-sized enterprises affected by the financial risk has little effect, and effective, well-funded, should seize the investment opportunities, improve equity investment. To reduce the investments spending and improve the capital utilization. Most of our business is driven by investment growth, and sources of funding such investment, in addition to the majority of enterprises have accumulated bank loans or equity financing. Own funds of enterprises invested substantially all operations. In the context of the financial crisis, the excessive dependence on bank loans and equity financing for investment, is not realistic. Because hit by the financial crisis, the bank credit crunch, the stock market plummeted, and remains in the doldrums. For most companies, limited funds can only be used wisely, enterprises should take the initiative to stop the long investment cycle, large-scale investment projects, the limited funds use security production for survival, protection stamina up. A number of new investment projects should see more than move, blind investment companies into deeper causes. All those advises that have mentioned before could be an effective solution to face the financial crisis, however, fix the actual economic system and more control in the sense of the investment and mortgage in order to prevent that the same error happened for twice. In this case, we are not only talking about the banking or investment entities, but the government. From my point of view, the financial crisis happened not only because the bad management of those financial entities, but the government has also the major responsibilities, since they let the companies follow the crisis trend which means, no one of them has thought about the consequences could be. Of course, nowadays the government try their best in the sense of economic recovery, some of the countries saw the result very soon, but others are still suffering the financial crisis consequences, countries as Greece, Italy, Spain and so on, they are the most affected countries in Europe, people may ask about why there’s some countries only take few years to recover the economic and other which still in the recession. And the only answer will be the government decision making, if they made a correct one, it may benefit to whole country, if not, as we have already see with some countries, cut in public funds, as education or health and so on. So in order to make sure that it is not going to happened again, the main recommendation is to start to stablish some specific financial rules for financial entities as well as for countries, make sure everything are under control and once detect again the appeal of other financial crisis, at least they are ready to face it and make sure the economic damage is going to be as low as possible. Even though we are still in the recession process, and there are still a lot of enterprises fighting for survive in this crucial moment, however we should have an optimistic vision about the future, since Xiao Jing Ye Letter account: 2500 REFERENCES Altunbas, Yener. Manganelli Simone and Ibanez Marques David. (2011).Risk during the Financial Crisis. Do Business matter? European Central Bank. Retrieved: 02/05/2015, from  https://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/scpwps/ecbwp1394.pdf Cole Rebel A. (2012) How Did the Financial Crisis Affect Small Business Lending in the United States? DePaul University Chicago. Retrieved: 02/05/2015, from https://www.sba.gov/sites/default/files/files/rs399tot.pdf Fox Justin (2013). What we’ve learned from the Financial Crisis. Harvard Business Review. Retrieved: 02/05/2015, from  https://hbr.org/2013/11/what-weve-learned-from-the-financial-crisis HONG LIANG YU (2009). Impact of Financial Crisis on Finance corporate. JiangXi Provincial Party School of CPC, Nanchang 33003, China. Retrieved: 02/05/2015, from http://www.nai.edu.cn/mscaaf/info/b2/14.pdf Perlberg Steven (2014). The 27 Scariest Moments of the Financial Crisis. Business Insider. Retrieved: 02/05/2015, from http://www.businessinsider.com/financial-crisis-scariest-moments-2014-9?op=1#ixzz3ZRU8g85g à ¦Ã‚ ½Ã‹Å"à ©Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ‚ ªÃƒ §Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ (2014). à ¦Ã‚ µÃ¢â‚¬ ¦Ãƒ ¨Ã‚ °Ã‹â€ Ãƒ ©Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃƒ ¨Ã… ¾Ã‚ Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ Ã‚ ±Ãƒ ¦Ã…“ ºÃƒ ¥Ã‚ ¯Ã‚ ¹Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ‚ ½Ãƒ ©Ã¢â€ž ¢Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ãƒ ¨Ã‚ ´Ã‚ ¸Ãƒ ¦Ã‹Å"â€Å"à §Ã… ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ½Ã‚ ±Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬Å" . à ¦Ã‚ µÃ… ½Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ -à ¥Ã‚ ¤Ã‚ §Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ ³Ã¢â‚¬ °Ãƒ ¥Ã… ¸Ã… ½Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ©Ã¢â€ž ¢Ã‚ ¢. Retrieved: 02/05/2015, from  http://www.diyilunwen.com/lwfw/gjmy/6178.html à ©Ã¢â‚¬ ¡Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃƒ ¨Ã… ¾Ã‚ Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ Ã‚ ±Ãƒ ¦Ã…“ ºÃƒ ¥Ã‚ ¯Ã‚ ¹Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ¸Ã‚ ­Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ °Ã‚ Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ¼Ã‚ Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ¸Ã… ¡Ãƒ §Ã… ¡Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ½Ã‚ ±Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬Å" Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ Ã…  Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ¯Ã‚ ¹Ãƒ §Ã‚ ­-à ¥Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬  Ãƒ ¦Ã… ¾Ã‚ .à ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã‹â€ 2010à ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °.à §Ã¢â€ž ¢Ã‚ ¾Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¦Ãƒ ¦-†¡Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ºÃ¢â‚¬Å". Retrieved: 02/05/2015, from  http://wenku.baidu.com/view/f85b9a6448d7c1c708a14544.html

Biography of Carl Jung

Carl Jung is known to be one of the most famous psychological theorists of twentieth century. For sixty years, he developed him self with a singularity of purpose to analyzing the far flung and deep lying process of human personality. An exceptional and prominent approach of Jung in the field of psychology highlighted understanding the psyche through exploring the worlds of dreams, art, mythology, world religion and philosophy. The present paper focuses on Carl Jung’s biography and his major involvement in the area of psychology and art.Jung, Carl Gustav, Swiss psychiatrist, initiator of analytical psychology, was born in Kesswil, Switzerland on 26 July 1875. Jung was the only son of the village pastor, the Reverend Paul Achilles Jung, and Emilie Jung, nee Preiswerk. His grandfather, Carl Gustav Jung (1794–1864), after whom he was christened, was a much-respected physician, who became Rector of Basel University and Grand Master of the Swiss Lodge of Freemasons. He was s upposed to be the illegitimate son of Goethe. Though he bore a strong physical resemblance to the great poet, this is probably a legend and not fact.Childhood ritual prepared him for his later insights into the importance of projection in psychology. Jung's adult delight in solitude, his alchemical studies, and his research into the dynamics of psychic transformation were also foreshadowed in an adolescent fantasy (Anthony Stevens, 2001). He discovered philosophy and read widely during his teens, and this, together with the disappointments of his boyhood, led him to renounce the strong family tradition and to study medicine and become a psychiatrist. During his youth time, he studied extensively in philosophy and theology.After attaining his medical degree (1902), he worked in Zurich with Eugen Bleuler in the field of mental illness. At Burgholzli, Jung began, with outstanding success, to apply association tests initiated by earlier researchers. He studied, especially, patients' pec uliar and illogical responses to stimulus words and found that they were caused by emotionally charged clusters of associations withheld from consciousness because of their disagreeable, immoral (to them), and frequently sexual content. He used the now famous term complex to describe such conditions.Jung was mainly interested in parapsychology during his career. He came in contact with Sigmund Freud as a close collaborator and most likely successor between 1907 and 1912, but he had disagreement with Freud over the issue of the sexual basis of neuroses. Jung theory of personality is usually identified as psychoanalytical theory because it emphasizes the unconscious processes. He gave more weight on people’s aim and plans and less to instincts (Morgan, 1981). Jung was listed president of the General Medical Society for Psychotherapy in 1933.This organization had Nazi connections. Jung was severely criticized for his activities with the organization and his writings about racial differences in the magazine Zentralblatt fur Psychotherapie. Jung died on June 6, 1961. The most distinctive and prominent feature of Jung view of human is that human behavior is conditioned not only by individual and racial history but also by aims and aspiration. Both the past as actually and future as potentially guides one’s present behavior. Jung theory emphasizes the social and phylogenetic foundation of personality.He explained that the foundations of personality are archaic, premature, innate, unconscious and probably universal. Jung emphasized the racial origin of personality. According to him, an individual personality is a resultant of inner forces acting upon and being acted upon by outer forces. The total personality or psyche consists of differentiated but interacting system. The principal feature of his theory of personality is ego, the personal unconscious and its complexes, the collective consciousness and its archetypes, the persona, the anima and animus an d the shadow.He explained ego is the conscious mind. It is made up of conscious perception, memories, thoughts and feeling. The ego is responsible for one’s feeling of identity. The personal unconscious is a region adjoining to ego. It consists of experiences that were one’s conscious but which have been repressed, suppressed, forgotten or ignored. A complex is an organized group of feeling, thoughts, perceptions and memories that exists in personal unconscious. Jung described the complexes may behave like an autonomous personality that has a mental life (Hall and Lindzey, 1978).The concept, for which Jung is best known, is the collective unconscious. It has had a profound influence not only on psychology but also on philosophy and the arts. The collective consciousness is the storehouse of unconscious archetypes (primordial images), concept that represents the primitive and ancestral experiences of human race. One acquires these unconscious images automatically as a p art of one’s genetic heritage. An archetype is a universal thought form that contains large elements of emotions.This thought form creates images or vision that corresponds to normal waking life to some aspect of conscious situation. Examples of archetypes are God, rebirth, the wise old man and the devil. In the collective unconscious, one finds the sources of myth and memory of universal realities such as mothers and fathers, the sun and storms, masculinity and femininity (Morgan; 1981). The concept of collective unconscious is of the most original and controversial feature of Jung personality theory. It is most powerful and influential system of psyche and in pathological cases over shadow, the ego, and the personal unconscious.Another principal feature of Jung‘s theory of personality is persona. It is mask adopted by the person in response to the demands of social convention and tradition and to his or her own archetype needs. If the ego identifies with persona, as i t frequently does, the individual become more conscious of the part that he is playing (Hall and Lindzey; 1978). Jung intends synchronistic occurrences are neither provable nor disprovable in the hard, rigorous sense we traditionally associate with the natural sciences, and with mathematics.Jung's notion of synchronicity is associated inextricably with his notion of archetypes, those elusive, quasi- instinctual entities which Jung employs to explain just about everything that has to do with the dynamics of human psychology. So-called archetypes are the genetically based tendencies which steer or govern our behavior at the unconscious level, including the psychosomatic level, and which characteristically express themselves in powerful, timeless images usually connected to myths, religious rituals, and magic: the gods of antiquity, the pentagram, the mandala, the cross, the philosopher's stone (M. D. Faber, 1998).In addition to a balance of conscious and unconscious forces, Jung empha sized other balances in one’s nature. Some modes of experiencing and dealing with the world may be prominent in one’s conscious personality, while opposite modes may dominate the unconscious side. He theorized that human is essentially a bisexual animal on the psychological level. Sexuality is the basic driving urge for people was denied by Jung. Jung ascribed the feminine side of man’s personality (anima) and masculine side of women’s personality to archetypes (animus). These archetypes are product of the racial experiences of man with women and women with man.In the view if Jung, shadow archetype consists of the animal instincts that humans invented in their evolution from their lower forms of life. Shadow is responsible for our conception of original sin. When it is projected outwards, it becomes devil or energy. Jung pioneered the notion of individuation. The process of individuating consists of a series of metamorphoses such as birth/infancy, puberty , adulthood, and midlife. If one can individuate at midlife, the ego is no longer at the center and the individual makes some sort of peace with her/his mortality (Ellenberger, 1970).Before the self can emerge, it is necessary for the various components of the personality to become fully developed. Jung formulated the concept of introversion and extroversion that is turning inward toward contemplation or outward toward others (Morgan; 1981). Jung assumes that personality contains polar tendencies that may come into conflict with one another. He believes that the psychological theory of personality must be formed on the principal of opposition or conflict because the tension created by conflicting element is the essence of life itself. Without tension there would be no energy and consequently no personality.All the creative art psychotherapies have their roots to C. G. Jung's early work on active imagination. Jung learned to develop an ongoing affiliation with his lively creative spi rit through the power of imagination and fantasies. He phrased this therapeutic method â€Å"active imagination. † Jung started many expressive techniques to â€Å"dream the dream onward. † Active imagination practice developed by Jung cheers patients to create fantasies, paint pictures, sculpt forms in clay, write poems and stories, dance or move the body expressively, and construct scenes in sand trays in order to foster a relationship with the unconscious.Many of these forms of creative expression have engendered particular therapeutic practices such as art therapy, movement therapy, drama therapy and role-playing. Jung's view of literature was undecided. He had a particular concern in trivial literature. Jung found a personification of the anima in H. Rider Haggard's novel She. Jung was fascinated in the mythic and archaic elements in literature. His Symbols of Transformation (1912) contains a lengthy discussion of Longfellow's Hiawatha, which is regarded as a poet ic compilation of mythical motifs.The old Chinese text, The Secret of the Golded Flower, awakened Jung's interest in alchemy. In 1944, his major study in this field, Psychologie und Alchemie, was published in German. For Carl Jung, yoga is a general term indicating all of Eastern thought and psychological practice. In his writings yoga is used to designate Eastern traditions as diverse as Hinduism, Indian Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhism, Japanese Buddhism and Chinese Taoism (J. Borelli, 1985). Jung was a fanatical, gifted thinker committed to knowledge and fearless in his pursuit of the truth.Though the theory postulated by Jung is somewhat shrouded in mystism, Junganian psychology has a number of devoted admirers and proponents. Many of these are practicing Jung’s method of psychotherapy and have accepted his fundamental postulates regarding personality. References: 1) Hall, C. S. , and Lindzey G. 1978. Theories of personality (3rd ed. ). New York: Wiley. 2) Faber, M. D. 1998. Sy nchronicity: C. G. Jung, Psychoanalysis, and Religion; Publisher: Praeger Publishers. Place of Publication: Westport, CT. Page Number: 3. 3) Morgan Clifford T, King Richard A. , Robinson Nancy M. 1981.Introduction to Psychology; Sixth Edition; Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited. 4) Ellenberger, Henri F (1970). â€Å"Carl Gustav Jung and Analytical Psychology†, a chapter in The Discovery of the Unconscious: The History and Evolution of Dynamic Psychiatry. BasicBooks, Perseus Books Group. 5) J. Borelli. 1985. Jung and Eastern Thought. Harold Coward – author. Publisher: State University of New York Press. Place of Publication: Albany, NY. 6) Anthony Stevens. 2001. Jung: A Very Short Introduction; Publisher: Oxford University Press. Place of Publication: Oxford, England.. Page Number: 7.

ELL Schools and Families Essay

The population of English Language Learners (ELL) are increasing in educational institutions primarily influenced by globalization and immigration. It has been projected that within the coming years, the percentage of children attending educational institutions in the country shall be non-English speakers. The term ELL is brought about by the shift in the English language-learning paradigm that represents the trend in language acquisition. (Bank Street) The increasing population of ELL’s are putting pressures on the educational atmosphere as educational institutions are forced to alter their curriculum to accommodate the needs and concerns of the learners. (Abedi, 2002) Integrating a program for ELL’s in the school setting is a great challenge for the educational institution, the teacher, the learner, and one’s family. Teaching non-English speakers who are not able to both understand and speak the language is more difficult than teaching English speakers the rules of the language are, for instance. Challenges include the need for educational institutions to implement a curriculum that fits the requirements of the ELL’s. Teachers, on the other hand need to be aware of the appropriate techniques and strategies that would be efficient in the success of language accommodation and acculturation. For learners, engaging in an unfamiliar environment is not motivating them to eagerly learn. (Mercuri, 2003) To address the problems and concerns that ELL’s face in the learning environment, society looks to the involvement of the family in order to strengthen the school as an institution that fully supports English language learners. (Collier & Thomas, 1999) Family involvement play a significant role during the learning process of ELL’s. According to a research conducted in order to determine guidelines that the No Child Left Behind Act shall implement, the involvement of family members to school activities such as programs that aims to promote development of academic standing and preparation for the next level of English language learning increases the chance of successes that a learner shall be able to accomplish. This is because families understand the needs and the difficulties of their children, and are also able to see their progress with regards to academics, pushing them to encourage, support, and value learning as an integral part of their children’s success. (Epstein, 2004) Moreover, it is the responsibility of the school to build a relationship with the family of the learner in order to inform them of the developmental stages and the changes that the children are going to experience, as they grow older. This particular knowledge gives families the idea of how to build a supportive home environment that boosts learning. This particular interaction between the school and the family allows the educational institution to understand the cultural background of families and determine their goals and objectives for their children when it comes to English language learning. (Epstein, 2004) Providing a supportive sociocultural environment is at the heart of tapping into the potential of ELL’s to benefit largely from the English language learning program. Interaction between the educational institution and the families contributes to this objective. Looking at their parents interact with the members of the educational institution motivates learners to build relationships with the institution as well, without any apprehensions as brought about by fear of cultural rejection. (Collier & Thomas, 1999) An article written by Rhona Barton for the Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory discovers cases wherein active involvement of parents leads to academic success of the learners, especially in socially interacting within the school environment. (Barton, 2006) Educational institutions with English language learning programs do not necessarily implement the use of the English language at home, as decisions regarding the matter are based on cultural considerations. Schools should consider the importance of native language to ELL’s and their families. However, the continued use of English at home and the support of the family when it comes to home language speeds up the learning process, schools still acknowledge that the ELL’s are aware of language learning based on their knowledge of their native language. (Ortiz, 2001) Schools should also provide alternatives for families in order for them to adjust or cope with the changes that ELL affects within their family life. Schools should inform them of educational options such as tutorial services that are made available at home or in schools, support groups within the community that assists families in their needs and concerns regarding the issue of English language learning. Family counseling is also an option as it allows medical professionals to help in determining problems or obstacles that the family shall be facing, and strengthening family relationships in order to withstand the challenges of immersing into a community and cultural environment that they are not familiar with. For specific problems such as financial aspect of English language learning, the federal government entitles families to funding as authorized by the federal Title I funding program. (Ortiz, 2001) Partnership of educational institutions with families are best established through communication and social interaction. Schools should be able to develop and maintain a stable relationship with the families that is primarily grounded on the objective of affecting learning and making ELL’s experience success within the unfamiliar learning environment. Moreover, through this, schools are enriched and enlightened with the knowledge of different cultural backgrounds within the school environment and be able to modify the learning atmosphere to fit the culture, beliefs, and traditions of non-English speakers. Teachers should be able to communicate the needs and concerns of ELL’s to their families, in order for them to understand how they are going accommodate the needs of their children who are involved in English language learning. Schools should establish regular meetings with the teachers, and ask them to get involved with programs and school activities that harness English language learning and support the need of their children to learn the English language. If possible, home visitations are one of the best ways to establish a strong foundation of relationship between the school and the families. (Barton, 2006) References Abedia, J. (2002). â€Å"Assessment and Accommodation of English Language: Issues, Concerns, and Recommendations. † Retrieved May 1, 2008, from NCA Commission on Accreditation and School Improvement. Website: http://www. ncacasi. org/jsi/2002v3i1/assessment Bank Street. (2008). â€Å"English Language Learners: Working with Children Whom English is a New Language. † Retrieved May 1, 2008, from Bank Street. Website: http://www. bnkst. edu/literacyguide/ell. html Barton, R. (2006). â€Å"Forging Family Ties. † Retrieved May 2, 2008, from Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory. Website: http://www. nwrel. org/nwedu/11-03/forge/ Collier, V. P. & Thomas, W. P. (1999). â€Å"Making U. S. Schools Effective for English Language Learners, Part 3. † TESOL Matters, Vol. 9, No. 6. Retrieved May 1, 2008, from TESOL. Website: http://www. tesol. org/s_tesol/sec_document. asp? CID=196&DID=826 Epstein, J. (2004). â€Å"Meeting NCLB Requirements for Family Involvement. † Middle Ground, Vol. 4, No. 3. Retrieved May 1, 2008, from National Middle School Association. Website: http://www. nmsa. org/portals/0/pdf/publications/On_Target/family_involvement/family_9. pdf Mercuri, S. (2003). â€Å"Helping Middle and High School Age English Language Learners Achieve Academic Success. † NABE Journal of Research and Practice. Retrieved May 1, 2008. Website: http://www. uc. edu/njrp/pdfs/freeman. pdf Ortiz, A. (2001). â€Å"English Language Learners With Special Needs: Effective Instructional Strategies. † Retrieved May 2, 2008, from CAL. Website:

The Dutch East India Company Profile

The Dutch East India Company Profile The Dutch East India Company, called the Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie or VOC in Dutch, was a company whose main purpose was trade, exploration, and colonization throughout the 17th and 18th centuries. It was created in 1602 and lasted until 1800. It is considered to be one of the first and most successful international corporations. At its height, the Dutch East India Company established headquarters in many different countries, had a monopoly over the spice trade and it had semi-governmental powers in that it was able to begin wars, prosecute convicts, negotiate treaties and establish colonies. History and Growth of the Dutch East India Company During the 16th century, the spice trade was growing throughout Europe but it was mostly dominated by the Portuguese. However, by the late 1500s, the Portuguese began to have trouble supplying enough spices to meet demand and prices rose. This, combined with the fact that Portugal united with Spain in 1580 motivated the Dutch to enter the spice trade because the Dutch Republic was at war with Spain at that time. By 1598 the Dutch were sending out numerous trading ships and in March 1599 Jacob van Necks fleet became the first to reach the Spice Islands (the Moluccas of Indonesia). In 1602 the Dutch government sponsored the creation of the United East Indies Company (known later as the Dutch East India Company) in an effort to stabilize profits in the Dutch spice trade and form a monopoly. At the time of its founding, the Dutch East India Company was given the power to build forts, keep armies and make treaties. The charter was to last 21 years.​ The first permanent Dutch trading post was established in 1603 in Banten, West Java, Indonesia. Today this area is Batavia, Indonesia. Following this initial settlement, the Dutch East India Company set up several more settlements throughout the early 1600s. Its early headquarters was in Ambon, Indonesia 1610-1619. From 1611 to 1617 the Dutch East India Company had severe competition in the spice trade from the English East India Company. In 1620 the two companies began a partnership that lasted until 1623 when the Amboyna massacre caused the English East India Company to move their trading posts from Indonesia to other areas in Asia. Throughout the 1620s the Dutch East India Company further colonized Indonesias islands and the presence of Dutch plantations growing cloves and nutmeg for export grew across the region. At this time the Dutch East India Company, like other European trading companies, used gold and silver to buy spices. To obtain the metals, the company had to create a trade surplus with other European countries. To get around only getting gold and silver from other European countries, the Governor-General of the Dutch East India Company, Jan Pieterszoon Coen, came up with a plan to create a trading system within Asia and those profits could finance the European spice trade. Eventually, the Dutch East India Company was trading throughout Asia. In 1640 the company expanded its reach to Ceylon. This area was previously dominated by the Portuguese and by 1659 the Dutch East India Company occupied nearly the entire Sri Lankan coast. In 1652 the Dutch East India Company also established an outpost at the Cape of Good Hope in southern Africa to provide supplies to ships sailing to eastern Asia. Later this outpost became a colony called the Cape Colony. As the Dutch East India Company continued to expand, trading posts were established in places that include Persia, Bengal, Malacca, Siam, Formosa (Taiwan) and Malabar to name a few. By 1669 the Dutch East India Company was the richest company in the world. Decline of the Dutch East India Company Despite its achievements in the mid-1600s by 1670 the economic success and growth of the Dutch East India Company began to decline, starting with a decrease in trading with Japan and the loss of the silk trade with China after 1666. In 1672 the Third Anglo-Dutch War disrupted trade with Europe and in the 1680s, other European trading companies began to grow and increase the pressure on the Dutch East India Company. Furthermore, European demand for Asian spices and other goods began to change around the middle of the 18th century. Around the turn of the 18th century the Dutch East India Company had a short resurgence in power but in 1780 another war broke out with England and the company began to have serious financial troubles. During this time the company survived because of support from the Dutch government (Towards a New Age of Partnership). Despite its problems, the charter of the Dutch East India Company was renewed by the Dutch government until the end of 1798. Later it was again renewed until December 31, 1800. At this time though the powers of the company were greatly reduced and the company began to let go of employees and dismantle headquarters. Gradually it also lost its colonies and eventually, the Dutch East India Company disappeared. Organization of the Dutch East India Company In its heyday, the Dutch East India Company had a complex organizational structure. It consisted of two types of shareholders. The two were known as the participanten and the bewindhebbers. The participanten were non-managing partners, while the bewindhebbers were managing partners. These shareholders were important to the success of the Dutch East India Company because their liability in the company consisted only of what was paid into it. In addition to its shareholders, the Dutch East India Companys organization also consisted of six chambers in the cities of Amsterdam, Delft, Rotterdam, Enkhuizen, Middleburg, and Hoorn. Each of the chambers had delegates that were chosen from the bewindhebbers and the chambers raised the beginning funds for the company. Importance of the Dutch East India Company Today The organization of the Dutch East India Company is important because it had a complex business model that has extended into businesses today. For example, its shareholders and their liability made the Dutch East India Company an early form of a limited-liability company. In addition, the company was also highly organized for the time and it was one of the first companies to establish a monopoly over the spice trade and it was the worlds first multinational corporation. The Dutch East India Company was also important in that it was active in bringing European ideas and technology to Asia. It also expanded European exploration and opened up new areas to colonization and trade. To learn more about the Dutch East India Company and to see a video lecture view, The Dutch East Indies Company - The First 100 Years from the United Kingdoms Gresham College. Also, visit Towards a New Age of Partnership for various articles and historical records.

Analytical Essay Sample on #8220;The Importance of Being Earnest#8221; by Oscar Wilde

Analytical Essay Sample on #8220;The Importance of Being Earnest#8221; by Oscar Wilde Oscar Wildes farcical comedy The Importance of Being Earnest is subtitled A Trivial Comedy for Serious People. The playwright himself penned this, so the reader is inevitably inclined to ask himself whether this deprecating subtitle is accurate. Despite the simple humor, the play is not trivial, but rather a biting and relevant social commentary on Victorian era values and principles that undoubtedly serious people can decipher within the lines of the comedy without feeling threatened about their own beliefs. In fact, the title of the play alone gives the reader some inclination as to what the story is about; the importance of being serious and resolute, which not coincidentally are two of the most important Victorian ideals. First performed in London in 1895, The Importance of Being Earnests plot centers on two couples who must overcome many hilarious obstacles on their journey to marriage. The play was critically acclaimed from its first performance and was instantly accepted by the public; a foreshadowing of the stories timelessness. Underlying the story line, Wilde illustrates the polite conventions and restrictions of Victorian society (Worth 126). This is aptly by Wilde in his droll depictions of aristocratic British men and women at the end of the nineteenth century. Despite his critical tone, Wilde does not alienate the members of his audience, but rather sheds light on the absurdity of societal traditions, such as courtship, engagement and marriage, while at the same time reaffirming the beliefs of his audience. To explore Wildes criticism of the absurdity of British culture and its implications in modern life, one must first examine the characters and plot of The Importance of Being Earnest. The two central figures are Jack and Algernon who are friends in spite of their seemingly artificial oppositions. Jack is a responsible, serious man who firmly announces his intentions of marrying Gwendolyn from the very beginning of the play. Algernon, on the other hand, is depicted as a sly, deceptive, yet likeable man who according to his aunt, has nothing, but looks everything (Wilde, act 3, 497). The two men, who the audience later discovers are brothers, are actually not as different as they first appear. Outwardly, they act very differently and constantly criticize one another on his actions, but in reality, both have the same ulterior motive and acts solely for his own benefit. Jack pretends to have a brother so that he may travel to London to see Gwendolyn. Similarly, Algernon, despite his claim that marriage is extremely problematic (act 1, 446), pretends to be Jacks brother so that he may journey to the countryside to see Cecily, the girl he has never met but wishes to marry. Both men pretend to be named Ernest in order to impress Gwendolyn and Cecily (obviously another pun on the title of the play). Hilarity ensues in both action and dialogue in terms of what the characters continually call nonsense. Jack and Algernon both pursue women who could be labeled modern women (relative to the contemporary Victorian woman). Gwendolyn is well educated and very opinionated in her beliefs, as evidenced by her desire to not be labeled perfect because that would limit her intentions to develop in many directions (act 1, 441). Likewise, Cecily, while not as well educated, is steadfast in what she wants from Algernon, such as her insistence that his name be Ernest. Gwendolyn and Cecily create much of the comedic elements of the play through their relentless demands of Jack and Algernon. For instance, when in act three the women discover the deceptions of Jack and Algernon, they do not submissively forgive the mens antics, but rather refuse to speak to either man until he delivers an adequate explanation and apology. These young men about town and revolting daughters (15), called so by critic Peter Raby, create a distinct dichotomy to the stern Lady Bracknell and Miss Prism, Cecilys governess. There is a sense of old society versus new society whenever Jack, Algernon, Gwendolyn, and Cecily interact with the older characters. As Gwendolyns mother and Algernons aunt, Lady Bracknell is excessively concerned with image and money. When she hears of Jacks desire to marry Gwendolyn, she questions him about his financial wellbeing and his personal habits. She is offended when she discovers that Jack has been adopted because it displays contempt for the ordinary decencies of family life (act 1, 450). Despite Jacks protest that his parental status has nothing to do with Gwendolyns happiness, Lady Bracknell refuses to give her approval of the engagement because in her superficial world, everyone is forced to live in an age of surfaces (act 3, 495). To Lady Bracknell, marriage has nothing to do with love and affection, but rather solely relies on the respectable social image that is created. Lady Bracknell is the stereotypical Victorian woman whose utmost concern is outward appearances and societal impressions. Money, status, and manners are the only necessities in life, without which one is destined to become associated with the detestable lower classes. In addition to Lady Bracknells archaic beliefs, Miss Prism and Doctor Chasuble also illustrate conventional Victorian ideals. It is evident that the two are in love, but repress their emotions because unruly behavior is not proper. Their relationship is an obvious contrast to Jack and Gwendolyns and Algernon and Cecilys, who admittedly are guilty of nonsense and reckless extravagance (act 1, 436). Surprisingly, in act three, the audience discovers that Miss Prism is the author of a novel of revolting sentimentality (act 3, 502) and more shockingly is an unwed mother. These revelations about Miss Prism blatantly contrast with Victorian acceptability. In spite of her deviations, Doctor Chasuble professes his love for her. This is yet another way in which Wilde portrays modern relationships and love. With his depictions of Bracknell and Miss Prism, Wilde creates an obvious paradigm between what a proper woman should be. Through their characters he is mocking the Victorian standard for woman because the audience can see that Gwendolyn and Cecily are truly the better women in thought and action. These ground-breaking elements contrast and spoof Victorian ideals, yet are subtle and humorous enough that the audience (especially at the time of the plays debut) is not offended by the plot or the characters. In todays world, there is nothing offensive about The Importance of Being Earnest, but it is necessary to keep in mind that compared to contemporary plays and novels, this is somewhat more modern. It still has the classic elements of a story line of that period: male-oriented, god-fearing, white, moneyed, and aristocratic (Raby 7). Although a majority of the characters live entirely for pleasure, the audience can still relate and enjoy the play. In such a hierarchical society where white men dominate, Wilde is careful not to offend or marginalize his target audience while launching a social critique. According to interviews (taken at the time of the plays production), Wilde adamantly insisted that The Importance of Being Earnest is not realistic because Realism is only a background, it cannot form an artistic motive for a play that is to be a work of art (39). In other words, reality has no bearing in his art, which perhaps is why he included the word trivial in his title. However, in relation to the play, is it accurate to say that reality is completely separate from art? Obviously Wilde recognized the absurdity of Victorian culture; otherwise, he could not have created a play whose humor is so relevant to both its contemporary and present-day audiences. The dialogue between characters, not the actions, is what makes The Importance of Being Earnest so humorous and transcendental (77). The characters revelations are true and consequently the farce is extremely comical. The Importance of Being Earnest set many precedents. It is one of the first plays to deal with modern issues, such as the New Woman. Wilde influenced many other artists to explore and critique societal norms and their ridiculousness. The Importance of Being Earnest will withstand the test of time through its satirical comedy and relevance to all audiences, because all audiences and readers, regardless of the time period, can relate to love, marriage, and the absurdity of society.

Internal and external recruitment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Internal and external recruitment - Essay Example In external recruitment, employees are hired after conducting advertisement. External recruitment is also useful for organization because in this case, there is a large pool of candidates to be selected from. The major sources of external recruitment include employment agencies, educational institutes, and employment at factory level, advertisement, labor contractors, recommendations and employment exchanges. Internal and external recruitment, both have their own advantages and disadvantages. It depends upon the companies and their situations as what suits them the best. No matter if the recruitment is done internally or externally, the problem which arises with both the forms of recruitment is of Employee Turnover. Irrespective of the fact that employees are hired internally or externally, turnover always exists which has become a crucial area of consideration for employers. In many cases, employees who are hired internally leave the organization due to various reasons but in some cases, externally hired employees persistently perform their jobs without having an intention to leave. Many researchers and experts argue that only internal recruitment can reduce cost which is related to hiring and recruiting employees from external source but what if employee turnover rate is high? The cost which would be saved from externally recruiting employees will be spent on replacing them after they leave. Therefore, this paper discusses this most important issue of Employee Turnover which arises in both the forms of recruitment; External Recruitment as well as Internal Recruitment. The issue of employee turnover has received substantial attention of human resource experts and professionals, industrial psychologists and senior management. It is considered as one of the most costly inflexible challenges of human resource management which is widely confronted by the organizations. (SIGMA Assessment Systems Inc. , n.d.) Before coming

Aston Martin Crash Structure Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Aston Martin Crash Structure - Coursework Example Furthermore, it is required to be as light as possible in order to optimize the fuel economy and increase the car performance. An Aston Martin crash beam has had various designs over the years, and each of the designs has its drawbacks and benefits (Zhao, 2013). The adventure with the composite materials started in 1953 and has advanced. The composites have demonstrated reliability, fatigue resistance, lightweight, and easy moulding to any shape; the composites are attractive alternatives to metals. Despite their merits, there are minimal transfers from metals to the composites in the automotive industry (Startsev, Ponomareva and Anikhovskaya, 2013). For proper utilisation of the composites in crash beam manufacture, issue of: design, structural simulation, light-weighting, modelling, the crashworthiness, joining, manufacturing, repair, recycling and the new material concepts. Priorities in the manufacture of the crash beam include: The identification and addressing of the material r esearch, for composites, needs of the crash structure is required, and can be achieved via the new and improved concepts or technologies for the composite material for crash beam applications that lead to an increased utilisation of the composites and improved crash beam solutions (Startsev, Ponomareva and Anikhovskaya, 2013). The composite processing durations are lengthy, their raw materials, for example resins and fibres are relatively expensive, in addition, it not easy to achieve high quality object surface finishes.